Several Major Issues to be Accurately Grasp in Learning and Understanding the Report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China

Source: Learning Times

The 19th CPC National Congress is a very important meeting held at the decisive stage of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and at a critical period when socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. At present and in the future, the primary political task of the whole Party and the whole country is to study, publicize and implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, so as to provide a powerful ideological weapon for promoting the development of the cause of the party and the state. To implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we must first work hard on learning and understanding. On the basis of comprehensive and systematic learning and understanding, we must grasp the key points, grasp the key points, grasp the essence, grasp the essence, and accurately understand and grasp the new ideas, New thesis, new tasks, new measures.

The Historical Starting Point and Connotation of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics Entering a New Era

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out: "After long-term efforts, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. This is a new historical position for my country's development." Although it was the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China that made a major judgment that socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China cannot be regarded as the historical starting point for entering a new era.

The five years since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China have been an extraordinary five years in the development of the party and the country. The cause of the party and the country has made historic achievements and undergone historic changes. Historical achievements are all-round and groundbreaking; historical changes are deep-seated and fundamental. The main contradictions in our society have also changed, transforming into the contradiction between the people's growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development. On the basis of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, building China into a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful modern socialist country has become the goal of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups. Looking back at history, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China draws a major conclusion from the new changes in the governance of the country, the historical changes in the cause of the party and the country, and the changes in the main social contradictions: Since the 18th National Congress of the Party, my country's social development At a new historical starting point, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era.

In the process of the party's historical development, we have used different concepts such as the new period, the new stage, and the new stage of the new century. The new period refers to the new period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization initiated since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party. The new stage of the new century refers to the 21st century from the 20th century to the 21st century. The new stage is the most widely used. What is the relationship between the expressions of the new era, the new period and the new stage? In a certain sense, the new era has something in common with the new era and the new stage, and it is mainly a concept used from the perspective of the historic changes in the cause of the Party and the State, from the profoundly changing international and domestic situation, and from the perspective of our historical position, the historical mission and historical tasks we shoulder. The new era is clearer, louder, and more inspiring than the new era and new stage, and it can better reflect the characteristics of the essence of the times. What needs to be explained is that the new era we are talking about here is not the concept of era division in history.

In short, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is the historical coordinate point for socialism with Chinese characteristics to enter a new era and a major historical node.

Knowledge and Understanding of the Transformation of the Main Contradictions in Our Society

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the main social contradictions in our country have been transformed into the contradiction between the people's growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development. This is a major new judgment on the main contradiction in our society at this stage.

For a long time in the past, our party's judgment on the main contradiction in our society was the contradiction between the people's growing material and cultural needs and backward social production. The Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that the main contradiction in our country is already the contradiction between the people's demand for the establishment of an advanced industrial country and the reality of a backward agricultural country. It is already the people's need for rapid economic and cultural development and the current economic and cultural failure. The contradiction between the needs of the people. The essence of this contradiction is the contradiction between the advanced socialist system and the backward social productive forces when China's socialist system has been established. This assertion was in line with the reality of our country at that time. However, due to complex social and historical reasons, the correct judgment was not adhered to and deviated from the aspect of "taking class struggle as the key link. The resolution on some historical issues of the party since the founding of the people's Republic of China, adopted by the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 1981, specifically made a standardized expression of the main social contradictions in our country on the basis of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, that is, after the basic completion of socialist transformation, the main contradiction to be solved in our country is the contradiction between the growing material and cultural needs of the people and backward social production. After the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, this expression has become the normative expression of the main social contradictions in the previous national congresses of the party in the new period of reform and opening up.

With regard to the expression of the principal contradictions in our society, it has been 61 years since the eighth CPC National Congress in 1956, and 36 years since the historical resolution was made in 1981. Over the past few decades, great changes have taken place in our society. From the perspective of social production and people's needs, this expression is not suitable.

From the perspective of social production, the expression of "backward social production" can no longer fully reflect the current reality of our country. China has a vast territory, with great differences between east and west, north and south. There are metropolises and big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Tianjin and Shenzhen, and their urban construction and urban and rural appearance are not inferior to those of developed countries. The term "backward social production" cannot cover different levels of development in different regions. China's economic strength, scientific and technological strength, national defense strength and comprehensive national strength have been greatly improved, and China has entered the forefront of the world. The total economic volume is already the second largest economy in the world. The output of more than 220 industrial and agricultural products ranks first in the world. The output of many products is among the best in the world. The scientific and technological content and technical level of many products are in the leading position in the world, realizing the transcendence from following and running to leading. If we use the expression "backward social production" again, it is no longer in line with the reality of social development, and it will not be able to convince not only the people, but also the international community.

From the point of view of the needs of the people, the expression "material and cultural needs" can no longer cover the needs of the people. At present, the needs of the people are multifaceted, multi-field, multi-level, three-dimensional and all-round. The needs of different groups are also very different. In addition to material and cultural needs, there are also political needs, such as the needs of fairness, justice, and the rule of law; there are also ecological needs, such as improving air quality, soil pollution, water pollution, and food insecurity. Need, etc.

There are also many problems in China's social development, mainly the unbalanced and inadequate development, including the unbalanced and inadequate development in the eastern, central and western regions; the unbalanced and inadequate development between urban and rural areas; the unbalanced and inadequate development of different groups; and the unbalanced and inadequate development of different industries in different fields. To understand and understand the changes in the main contradictions in our society, we must grasp the "two full understandings".

The first is to fully understand that the changes in the main contradictions in our society are overall and historical, not partial or temporary. This overall and historical change has put forward many new and higher requirements for the work of the party and the state, requiring us to have a sense of problem orientation, solve whatever problems come, and concentrate our efforts on solving whatever contradictions are prominent. If problems force reform, we will use reform to solve problems and promote development.

The second is to fully understand the changes in the main contradictions of our society, and have not changed our judgment on the historical stage of our country. The basic national conditions that our country is still in and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time have not changed, and my country's international status as the world's largest developing country has not changed. change. Development is a dynamic process, and imbalance and inadequacy will always exist. However, when imbalance and inadequacy become the main aspect of social principal contradiction after a certain stage of development, efforts must be made to understand and solve it. From quantitative change to qualitative change, things need to cross a "degree", that is, to reach a node. Only when the node is reached can qualitative change occur.

At present, unbalanced and inadequate development is a process of quantitative change and accumulation. Therefore, we should not go beyond the stage of social development just because the main social contradictions have been transformed. In addition, judging the development stage and main contradictions of a society cannot be viewed in terms of economic factors, but must be viewed comprehensively from various social factors. The basic principles of Marxism and the history of the party tell us that the stage of social development must be accurately judged, and it can neither surpass nor lag behind. In the history of our party, we once surpassed the stage of historical development and carried out the "Great Leap Forward". In the end, haste makes waste. The faster we think about it, the faster we can't, and we are punished by the laws of natural and social development. After the reform and opening up, our party has deeply learned historical lessons and made a major judgment that our country is and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time. In 1992, Comrade Deng Xiaoping talked about 100 years in his talks in the south. He stressed that the party's basic line should not waver for 100 years. In 100, on the one hand, it expressed a kind of determination and a kind of will, and on the other hand, it expressed a period of time, that is, from the basic completion of the socialist transformation in 1956, we established the basic socialist system and entered the socialist society. Until the middle of the 21st century to basically realize socialist modernization, this is about 100 years. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to basically realize modernization by 2035, 15 years ahead of the previously planned goal. By 2050 or the 100 year of the founding of New China, we will build a prosperous, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful modern socialist country, realize socialist modernization, and realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

From the perspective of the world, although our country is "big", it is "puffy" and still contains a certain amount of "moisture" in terms of product quality, production efficiency, and economic structure ". Although China is big, it is big but not strong, and its international status as the largest developing country in the world has not changed. In this regard, we must also have a clear understanding.

When we understand and understand the changes in the main contradictions in our society, only by grasping the above-mentioned "two full understandings" and grasping the dialectics and unity of "change" and "unchanged" can we firmly grasp the basic stage of socialism. National conditions, firmly based on the biggest reality of the primary stage of socialism, firmly adhere to the party's basic line, the lifeline of the party and the country, and the happiness line of the people.

The Interrelationship of the "Four Greats"

The 19th CPC National Congress proposed to carry out great struggle, build great projects, promote great undertakings and realize great dreams. This "four great" is a strict logical relationship.

The "Four Greats" are the general strategy, general framework, general coordinates, and general starting point for advancing various undertakings of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The "four greats" put forward in the report of the 19th CPC National Congress are discussed separately in accordance with the main line of realizing the great dream, that is, in accordance with our party's historical mission of realizing the Communist Party of China in the new era. The "Four Greats" have their own connotations, and their internal relations are closely related, interlinked and interactive. It must be emphasized that the "four great" are not parallel relations. The most important thing is to build a great project, which plays a decisive role. The key to running China's affairs well lies in the Communist Party of China. The Communist Party of China is China's long-term ruling party and the strong leading core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Party, government, military and civil studies, east, west, south, north and south, the party leads everything. This historical position of the Communist Party of China is the choice of history and the choice of the people. Whether the great struggle can be won depends on the Communist Party of China; whether the great cause can be successful and whether it can be advanced well or not depends on the Communist Party of China; whether the great dream can be realized also depends on whether the Chinese Communists can unite and lead the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to work hard and gather great strength. At the same time, to promote great projects, we must combine the practice of great struggles, great undertakings, and great dreams. Only in this way can we ensure that the party will always be at the forefront of the times in the historical process of profound changes in the world situation, and will always be the backbone of the people of the whole country in the historical process of dealing with various risks and tests at home and abroad. it has always been a strong core of leadership in the historical process of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.

The Internal Relationship between Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the Basic Strategy

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China requires the whole party to deeply understand the spiritual essence and rich connotation of Xi Jinping's thoughts on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, fully and accurately implement them in various tasks, and put forward the basic principles for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. strategy. We must realize that Xi Jinping's thoughts on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era are essentially identical to the basic strategy of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and are completely consistent.

Xi Jinping's thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era is highly generalized and condensed in theory, and the main content is reflected in the "eight clearness", which is the expression of the guiding ideology. Adhering to and developing the basic strategy of socialism with Chinese characteristics is carried out at the practical level and the strategic level, which is mainly expressed as "14 persistence", which is the expression of the action program level.

Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the basic strategy of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics are a complete theoretical system that is organically connected and compatible with each other, and must be connected and grasped. Xi Jinping's thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era cannot be separated from the basic strategy and understood mechanically, rigidly and rigidly. Of course, ideological theory and strategic deployment can be deeply studied and understood from different angles, but we must always understand and treat them as a whole, and coordinate and think as a whole system.

Xi Jinping's thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era has inherent identity and consistency with the basic strategy of adhering to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, and we cannot mechanically correspond the "8 clearness" and "14 persistence" one by one. We should grasp the most critical, core and essential connection, and the basic strategy itself is an important part of Xi Jinping's thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

The formulation of the "two-step" strategic arrangement

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China comprehensively analyzed the international and domestic situation and my country's development conditions, and made strategic arrangements in two stages for the next 30 years after the completion of a well-off society in an all-round way, which can also be called a "two-step" strategic arrangement. Now, some people express the "two-step" strategic arrangement of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China as "another" new three-step "strategy". I think this statement should be used with caution, otherwise it is easy to misunderstand and ambiguity.

In the early stage of reform and opening up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping combined the "four modernizations of Chinese style" with the discourse of "well-off", which is rich in traditional Chinese culture. On this basis, the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1982 put forward the "two-step" strategy: in the 20 years from 1981 to the end of the 20th century, the first 10 years were mainly to lay a good foundation, accumulate strength and create conditions, and enter a new period of economic revitalization in the next 10 years. In 1987, the 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China further formulated a "three-step" economic development strategy, namely: the first step is to double the GNP compared with 1980 to solve the problem of food and clothing for the people; the second step is to double the GNP by the end of the 20th century, and the people's living standard will reach a well-off level; the third step is to reach the level of moderately developed countries by the middle of the 21st century ", basic modernization. In 1997, the "three-step" development strategy determined by the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was mainly to make specific arrangements for the third-step strategy. That is to say, in the first 10 years of the 21st century, the gross national product will double that of 2000, so that the people's well-off life will be more affluent and a relatively perfect socialist market economic system will be formed; after another 10 years of efforts, by the 100 year of the founding of the party, the national economy will be further developed and various systems will be more perfect; by the 100 year of the founding of the people's Republic of China, modernization will be basically realized and a prosperous, Build a prosperous, China.

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has made two-stage strategic arrangements for the completion of a well-off society in an all-round way by 2020. The first step is to strive for another 15 years from 2020 to 2035 on the basis of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way to basically realize socialist modernization, which advances the final goal of the original "three-step" strategy by 15 years. The second step is to strive for another 15 years from 2035 to the middle of the 21st century on the basis of basically realizing modernization to build China into a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful socialist modern power. This goal has added two words and revised two words to the goal expressed in the basic line in the party constitution of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The addition of "beauty" corresponds to the construction of ecological civilization in the "five-in-one" overall layout of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. This constitutes a complete pattern of "prosperity" corresponding to economic construction, "democracy" corresponding to political construction, "civilization" corresponding to cultural construction, "harmony" corresponding to social construction, and "beauty" corresponding to ecological civilization construction. According to the changes in goals and tasks, Change "country" to "powerful country".

Why do some people say it is "another 'new three-step' strategy"? They mainly regard the 19th Party Congress as one step until 2020. Although there is a goal and task in this period of time, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee has made arrangements for the 13th five year plan for building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way. I think it should not be taken as a separate step, but should be called a "two-step" strategy or a two-stage strategic arrangement according to the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

Continuation of the Goals in the Strategic Layout of the "Four Comprehensives"

In December 2014, when General Secretary Xi Jinping was investigating in Jiangsu, he put forward the "four comprehensive" strategic thinking for the first time. In February 2015, General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly pointed out at the opening ceremony of the seminar on comprehensively promoting the rule of law at the provincial and ministerial level leading cadres to study and implement the spirit of the fourth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee: since the 18th CPC Central Committee, the CPC Central Committee has put forward and formed a "four comprehensive" strategic layout from the overall situation of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. This strategic layout has both strategic objectives and strategic measures, and each "comprehensive" is of great strategic significance. A strategic goal, three strategic initiatives, constitute a complete strategic layout. This strategic thinking has gradually developed into the "four comprehensive" strategic layout for our party to adhere to and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, that is, the strategic layout of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, comprehensively deepening reform, comprehensively governing the country according to law, and comprehensively administering the party strictly.

Some people believe that the "four comprehensive" strategic layout is not long-term, but short-term and phased. The main basis for raising this question is that the first "comprehensive" in the "four comprehensive" strategic layout is to build a well-off society in an all-round way, which will be realized by 2020. Therefore, this strategic layout will complete its mission and end by 2020. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China gave a clear answer to this question, which requires our attention when we study. Facts show that this strategic layout is long-term. In the new era, the "four comprehensive" strategic layout will always be effective and effective.

We must observe problems from a historical, developmental, dialectical, and comprehensive perspective. We must look at the "four comprehensive" strategic layout in a general, principled, and universal sense, and not be limited to the expression of specific content. Building a well-off society in an all-round way is only a phased strategic goal under our big goal. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has put forward a new goal, which is to build a modern socialist country in an all-round way. In my opinion, by 2020, after the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way is achieved, the first "comprehensive" that is, building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way will be replaced by building a modern socialist country (or a powerful country) in an all-round way. The "four comprehensive" strategic layout is still a complete system of strategic objectives and three strategic measures, which is still long-term and fundamental, At least until the middle of this century, that is 2049 or 2050. (Qu Qingshan, Director of the Party History Research Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China)