The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly puts forward the construction of a strong country with quality.

Improving quality, deepening reform is the key

Source: People's Daily

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to strengthen applied basic research, expand the implementation of major national science and technology projects, highlight key common technologies, cutting-edge leading technologies, modern engineering technologies, and disruptive technological innovations, so as to build a powerful country in science and technology, a powerful country in quality, a powerful country in aerospace, and a network Power, transportation power, digital China, and smart society provide strong support. Among them, the goal of "quality power", "space power", "network power" and "transportation power" is written into the report of the Party Congress for the first time. What is the vision of these "powerful countries"? At present, how far are we from these "powerful countries"? How should we build these "powerful countries"? From today on, we will launch a series of reports to focus on the new goals of "powerful countries" and explore the direction of efforts to achieve these goals.

-- Editor

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly puts forward the construction of a quality power. This is the first time that the goal of "quality power" has appeared in the report of the Party Congress. Under the circumstances that China's economy is facing transformation and upgrading and consumer demand changes, what kind of blueprint is a quality power? At present, where is our gap? And how to build a quality power? The reporter conducted an interview on this.

Quality power is desirable

From the consumer side, the meaning of quality is expanding from simple, durable to energy-saving, healthy, aesthetic and other connotations.

253.97 billion yuan! This year's "double 11", the total sales of the whole network reached a new high. Behind the 253.97 billion yuan are individuals who "buy and buy". In their minds, what is a quality power like?

There are more consumer-friendly products-"Hair dryers are not simply drying hair. The wind should be strong and fast. More importantly, the hair will not fly around or be rough, but smooth and shiny." Wu Ziyue, who has just found a foreign brand hair dryer, said, "Do you know? When the temperature exceeds 60 degrees Celsius, the protein may be denatured and the hair will be damaged. Most domestic hair dryers blow for less than 1 minute, and the temperature has greatly exceeded 60 degrees Celsius. When one day, more and more domestic hair dryers do the same as foreign brand-name products, that is the real quality power."

Intelligent products are really intelligent-"even the dust between the ceramic tile gaps can be sucked away by this sweeping robot, leaving almost no blind area for cleaning." Reese, who just bought an imported sweeping robot, said. He found that domestic sweeping robots are often powerless against gaps, with many blind spots, dust-prone and loud noise. "In smart homes, we still have a big gap from a strong quality country."

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that the main social contradictions in our country have been transformed into the contradiction between the people's growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development. "Consumers' expectations of a quality power are the embodiment of this contradiction." Jiang Jiadong, deputy chief engineer of China Aviation Comprehensive Technology Research Institute, said. At present, with the upgrading of consumption, product price is no longer the core factor of many people's consumption decision-making, consumers tend to pay more attention to good experience, style and taste. Therefore, the meaning of quality is constantly changing, from simple can be used, durable to energy saving, health, in line with aesthetic connotation expansion.

Focus on the production side, for producers, the "strong" of a strong quality country is more reflected in the production line.

Geely's Chunxiao factory once struggled with the choice of handling robots in the stamping workshop. They have inspected the domestic robot industry many times, and the domestic handling robot can not meet the design requirements in terms of load capacity, repetition accuracy or control stability. Finally, Chunxiao factory can only choose the ABB seven axis handling robot.

"When one day, our high-end production lines are no longer all foreign brands, that is the real quality power." A construction machinery enterprise responsible person said.

"What is more important is that if some basic common technologies and key raw materials can achieve breakthroughs and no longer be controlled by others, a quality country will be truly built." An optical fiber manufacturer in Wuhan told reporters.

According to the ''Quality Development Outline (2011-2020) '', by 2020, the construction of a quality power will achieve significant results, and a group of advantageous enterprises with internationally renowned brands and core competitiveness will be formed, and a group of outstanding brand images and complete service platforms will be formed., Modern enterprises and industrial clusters with first-class quality levels have basically established a food quality and safety and key product quality inspection system.

"The so-called quality power, from the terminal point of view, requires the quality of my country's products, projects, and services to be upgraded to a certain level; from the front end, it requires the quality of industrial development to be steadily improved, and a group of world-class industrial clusters with first-class quality and efficiency will be formed. The scale of strategic emerging industries and quality competitive industries has been significantly expanded; from a micro perspective, the competitiveness of enterprises has been enhanced, forming a number of world-class enterprises with international brand influence and competitiveness." Jiang Jiadong said.

Our manufacturing industry is still big but not strong

The value added of quality competitive industries accounted for the proportion of manufacturing value added, the European Union, the United States, and Japan were 42%, 38%, and 35%, respectively, while my country was only 17%

Compared with the new goal of becoming a quality power, what is our current gap?

According to Jiang Jiadong's analysis, at the product level, the output of more than 220 kinds of industrial products in China ranks first in the world, but there are also some problems such as low grade, low technical content and poor reliability, especially the lack of high-quality, personalized, high-complexity and high-value-added products. At the industrial level, the problem of low-level overcapacity in steel, petrochemical, building materials and other industries is prominent and exists for a long time, The proportion of quality competitive industries is not high, the core components and high-end technologies of the manufacturing industry still rely heavily on imports; at the enterprise level, there are still some "zombie companies", and there are few world-class companies with international brand influence and competitiveness.

The reporter learned from the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine that in the European Union, the United States, and Japan, the added value of quality competitive industries with technology, skills, and knowledge as elements accounted for 42%, 38%, and 35% of the added value of the manufacturing industry, respectively. China is only 17%, and the gap is more obvious.

Many experts believe that the most fundamental problem is that China's manufacturing industry is large but not strong. Zuo Shiquan, director of the Equipment Industry Research Institute of the CCID Research Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, introduced that in order to evaluate the comprehensive development level of the manufacturing industry in various countries, the CCID Research Institute has constructed 4 first-level indicators including scale development, quality and efficiency, structural optimization, and sustainable development. A manufacturing evaluation system composed of secondary indicators. According to the national composite index calculated according to these indicators, the composite index of the United States in 2012 was 156, Japan and Germany were 121 and 111, and China was 81. After several years of development, China will have reached about 90 by 2016.

"According to the data, we can see that the comprehensive strength of the US manufacturing industry is far ahead and belongs to the first phalanx; Germany and Japan follow closely behind and belong to the second phalanx; China, South Korea, France, and the United Kingdom are in the third phalanx." Zuo Shiquan said.

Combining various indicators, my country is currently in a leading position in the scale of manufacturing, and the gap with the first and second phalanx is mainly reflected in quality benefits and sustainable development capabilities. "In terms of quality and efficiency, my country's manufacturing industry has fewer well-known brands, low labor productivity, and low sales profit margins; and in terms of sustainable development, my country's R & D and innovation capabilities have been greatly improved in recent years, but it is comparable to the United States and Japan., Germany and other countries still have a big gap." Zuo Shiquan said.

"To explore the micro, the root lies in the micro-economic subject-the transformation and upgrading of enterprises has not yet been completed." According to Jiang Jiadong's analysis, although the demand for mid-to-high-end consumption continues to grow, there is still a market for low-end consumption, and many companies have not yet reached the point where they cannot survive. "Structural changes in demand affect the judgment of enterprises, so transformation and upgrading still needs to be advanced. Enterprises are the micro-subjects of the socialist market economy, and only when the quality management level of enterprises is significantly improved can the quality level of the entire industry and the entire country be improved."

Into the ranks of quality power at an early date

High quality requires high standards, good order, high quality and strong innovation, and the key lies in deepening reform.

What should we do in the future to enter the ranks of quality powers as soon as possible?

High quality requires high standards.

"Standards are the most important binding system for enterprise product quality, and an important legal and market-oriented means for managing enterprises." Chen Dongqi, chief expert of the China Academy of Macroeconomics, said that our national standards in many fields are still weak or even lacking, and we must make up for this shortcoming. At the same time, in the stage of high-quality development, we must not only keep up with international standards, but also go to the forefront, from following the standard to setting the standard. "This leap has been achieved in high-speed rail, 5G and other technologies. In the future, we will strengthen standard innovation, let more Chinese standards become international standards, and let quality awareness become more and more popular with the improvement of the standard system." Chen Dongqi said.

High quality requires good order.

The stage of high-quality development needs to maintain the market mechanism of "good money drives out bad money", otherwise there is no way to talk about high quality. In the view of the head of public relations of Hengan Group, counterfeiting is its biggest headache. The operation of small workshops is not standardized, there is no R & D investment, but the price is low, and many consumers can't see the difference in product quality for a while. Counterfeit products have a great impact on the sales and reputation of the "heart-to-heart" brand. "At present, the cost of safeguarding rights to counterfeit products is high, the litigation cycle is long, and the execution of judgments is difficult. Enterprises are very helpless."

"Enterprises are often unable to resist counterfeiting, and the fight against counterfeiting has to rely on the hands of the government." Lin Zhongqin, president of Shanghai Jiaotong University, said. In addition, we can also establish a quality grading system, advocate high quality and high price, guide and protect the enthusiasm of enterprise quality innovation and quality improvement, carry out high-end quality certification, and promote the transformation of quality evaluation from the pursuit of "qualified rate" to the pursuit of "satisfaction.

High quality requires high quality.

"Behind high-quality products, there must be a team of high-quality industrial workers." Lin Zhongqin said that the construction of quality power, craftsman spirit, quality culture and hardware construction are equally important. In order to upgrade the quality of the industry, China must make up the lesson of upgrading human resources and shape the craftsman spirit of striving for perfection and pursuing quality.

Lin Zhongqin suggested that the state should vigorously improve the vocational skills of workers and implement the national plan for the revitalization of high-skilled talents; enterprises should use salary incentives, equity incentives, psychological incentives and other mechanisms to retain workers and create a platform for the training and promotion of senior skilled workers.

High quality requires strong innovation.

Quality improvement is inseparable from technological innovation. "For now, we should focus on quality research in key areas such as automobiles, high-end CNC basic machine tools, rail transit equipment, and large complete sets of technical equipment, and overcome a number of key common technologies that affect quality improvement. Promote advanced quality engineering technologies such as reliability design, testing and verification, and manufacturable design." Jiang Jiadong said.

The key to high quality also depends on reform.

Hou Jianguo, deputy director of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, said that the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out the direction for quality work. At present, it is necessary to deeply analyze the imbalance and insufficiency of quality development, and solidly promote the reform of quality governance, system and mechanism, and regulatory model. Create a desirable quality power.